COMPARISON OF MOTOR CORTEX INDUCED-FLEXOR MUSCLE ACTIVITY INHIBITION BY HARD PRESSURE ON VARIOUS PARTS OF THE BODY AND LIGHT PINCH OF ABDOMEN OF ANIMAL WITH GASTRO-DUODENAL ULCERS PubMed listing (option to order whole article) Tadashi Hisamitsu, M.D. Professor and Chairman.Department of physiology,School of Medicine, Showa University,Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, Japan. ABSTRACT The flexor muscle electromyogram (EMG) of the upper extremities in response to the motor cortex stimulation was inhibited by hard pressure on bases of ear lobe and lumber perivertebral region and by electrical stimulation of these regions. Similar inhibition was produced by electrical stimulation around the brachium conjunctivum and locus coeruleus (BC-LC) and the reticulogigantocellular nucleus (NRGC). Inhibition of the flexor muscle EMG due to hard pressure on the body parts was abolished by electrical lesion of the BC-LC and NRGC. The light pinch with hand on the restricted abdominal region did not inhibit the flexor muscle EMG induced by the motor cortex stimulation in normal condition, while such stimulation inhibited the flexor muscle EMG in ulcer suffering animals after treatment with cysteamine. This inhibition was not influenced by destruction of the NRGC. From these results, it was concluded that inhibition of the motor cortex induced-flexor muscle activities caused by light pinch stimulation of the restricted abdominal region, as the model of the voluntary finger flexion inhibition in O-Ring test, was produced by spinal reflex inhibition.

 

CEREBROPHYSIOLOGICAL RESPONSE MECHANISM IN BI-DIGITAL O-RING TEST BY FREQUENCY ANALYSIS OF HUMAN BRAIN WAVES - EFFECT OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES Noriyuki Tani D.D.S., Shigeyuki Tanaka, Masaru Ono and Yoshihiro Yagyu First Department of Prosthodontics Meikai University School of Dentistry 1-1, Keyakidai, Sakado-shi, Saitama Prefecture ABSTRACT The Bi-Digital O-Ring test (O-ring test) developed in 1978 by Y. Omura as a new diagnostic approach has gained a wide-spread recognition in many countries of the world as a clinically useful test. In spite of and contrary to the simplicity of its procedure, its mechanism has remained largely unknown. It is especially obscure what cerebro-physiological changes are induced or how sensitive the cerebral recognition level is. In other words, since a stimulant applied in the O-ring test or given by a chemical substance produces very feeble stimulation, it still remains unknown whether the reaction occurring in the O-ring test is identical to the conventionally-defined cerebral evoked response or whether the reaction is induced through a completely different response mechanism. To determine the mechanism on a cerebro-physiologial level, it is necessary to define the potentiality of this test as a human cerebral sensor as so described in 1965 by Tsunoda and in 1986 by Kikuchi et al. Our presentation at the Third International Symposium on Acupuncture and Elerctro-Therapeutics has confirmed the potentiality of the O-ring test as a human cerebral sensor, because the reaction could be recognized as a cerebral response to weak light of 80 luxs. This study was undertaken to further confirm our previous results. Experiment was carried out using the same experimental system as in our previous study presented at the symposium to confirm the existence of cerebral responses to non-contact stimulation with chemical substances delivered at a distance of 1 or 15cm from the stimulation points at the regions of the oral cavity and stomach in 10 subjects. The chemical substances used as stimuli consisted of potassium cyanide, arsenic, paraformaldehyde, methyl methacrylate monomer, vitamin C and toothpaste. The following results were obtained: 1. When stimulated by a conventional manner of stimulation, cerebral evoked potential tended to appear acutely at stimulation. In the O-ring test with chemical substances, the appearance of the response (integration of 10-second values )tended to be suppressed. 2. The cerebral responses produced by stimulation of the oral cavity and stomach in a resting state with closed eyes were not symmetrical over both sides. Especially at the d, ?, a and ß1 regions, the responses were dominant on the right temporal and left occipital areas. This finding does not agree with the earlier described symmetry of the cerebral response. 3. The characteristic finding in this experiment was the left-hemispheric dominance at the ß2 region unlike the right-hemispheric dominance at other regions. 4. A distinct difference was found between the responses by stimulation with harmful substances and those by stimulation with harmless substances. However, there were no substance-related differences between the group of harmful substances and that of harmless substances. 5. Distance-related differences were demonstrated in the intensity of cerebral responses. Stimulation at a distance of 1cm frontally to the oral cavity induced strong cerebral responses to methyl methacrylate monomer, vitamin C and toothpaste. 6. In stimulation with potassium cyanide, arsenic and paraformaldehyde, the difference in distance produced no differences in the intensity of responses. It is considered that since the both substance groups induced cerebral responses at either distance as described in 4, potassium cyanide, arsenic and paraformaldehyde induced cerebral responses to almost the same degree at either distance, which accounts for the lack of significant differences.

 

MUSCLE FORCE MEASUREMENT FOR THE BI-DIGITAL O-RING TEST USING A COMPUTERIZED ELECTRO-MECHANICAL SYSTEM Yasuhiro Shimotsuura, M.D., F.I.C.A.E. Dept. of Medicine, School of Medicine, Kurume University Kurume, Director of Dept. of Medicine, St. Maria Hospital, Kurume; Assistant Prof. of Pathologic Nutrition, Shin Ei College, Kurume, Japan; Editor in Chief, Resonance, the official journal of the Japan Bi-Digital O-Ring Test Association Takesuke Muteki, M.D., Ph.D., F.I.C.A.E ;Professor & Chairman, Dept. of Anesthesiology, Kyuichi Tanikawa, M.D., Ph.D.;Professor & Chairman, Dept. of Medicine Kurume University School of Medicine, 67 Asahi-machi, Kurume City, Fukuoka, Japan ABSTRACT Measurement of muscle force change during the Bi-Digital O-Ring Test (originally developed by Y. Omura, of New York) was critically evaluated using a computerized electro-mechanical system. This Bi-Digital O-Ring Test muscle force measuring device can automatically and graphically display pulling force, distance and time (horizontal axis), before during & after pulling the Bi-Digital O-Ring Test by a motorized pulling force control system, through its auto-analyzer, by replacing the examiner's human hand with an electro-mechanical puller with constant speed, which can be changed to different values. In normal persons without any problems in the neck, arms, hands, and fingers, muscle force of the Bi-Digital O-Ring formed between the thumb and one other finger of the same hand showed the following order of magnitude: 1st-2nd fingers, 1st-3rd fingers, 1st-4th fingers, 1st-5th fingers. When pulling speed was too slow, particularly less than3cm/sec, muscle force change appeared as 2 or 3 peaks, and therefore it was impossible to obtain a reliable Bi-Digital O-Ring Test. When pulling speed was over 5 cm/sec, response was an ideal one peak type muscle force change in reference to time on the horizontal axis. Therefore, in order to do a reliable Bi-Digital O-Ring Test, it is important not to pull the Bi-Digital O-Ring too slowly, and one should pull with relatively fast speed of over 5 cm/sec.This device was used to measure change of muscle force during the Bi-Digital O-Ring Test, where pulling by a human examiner's fingers was replaced by an electro-mechanical pulling system with constant speed of over 5 cm/sec. In the following commonly encountered different cases, the studies were carried out using this device. 1) Detecting pathological areas of the body in chronic gastritis and chronic pancreatitis. 2) Evaluating thymus function in normal healthy individuals, in which (as the only exception), results of the Bi-Digital O-Ring Test should be negative. 3) Effect of drugs. 4) Effect of cigarettes. 5) Detecting chlamydia positive & negative patients using chlamydia antibody as reference control substance. In all of the above cases, statistically significant changes were obtained, and these findings supported the validity of the result of properly performed Bi-Digital O-Ring Test where pulling was done by the examiner's human hands. Using this O-Ring Test computerized device, we will be able to objectively study various aspects of phenomena associated with the Bi-Digital O-Ring Test.